Toolbar shortcuts

•   Alt + click tool or Shift + press shortcut key to cycle through hidden tools
•   Double-click tool or select tool and press Return to display Options palette.
•   Right-click to display context-sensitive menu.
•   Press  to constrain dragging or drawing to straight line or multiples of 45º.
•   Press Caps Lock to use precise cross hair for brushes.
•   Press Enter to apply, or press Esc or Ctrl + del  to cancel, an operation of a magnetic tool.
Repositions marquee while selecting	Any marquee tool + spacebar + drag
Adds to or subtracts from a selection 	Any selection tool +  or Alt + drag 
Intersects a selection 		Any selection tool +  + Alt + drag 
Constrains marquee to square or circle 	shift + drag
Draws marquee from center 		Alt + drag
Moves copy of a selection 		move tool  + Alt + drag selection
Moves selection 1 pixel		Any selection tool or  +move tool+arrow keys  *
Moves layer 1 pixel		 	Ctrl + arroow keys    * 
Accepts cropping or exits cropping	Crop tool+ Enter or Esc
Snaps guide to ruler ticks		 Shift+ drag guide
Changes guide orientation to horizontal or vertical	Alt + drag guide
*Hold down  to move 10 pixels.
Selects multiple anchor points		direct selection tool + shift + click
Selects entire path			direct selection tool  + Alt + click
Duplicates a path			pen tool + Alt + Ctrl + drag 
Converts path to selection		Any pen tool + Enter (on numeric keypad)
Selects background color		eye dropper tool + Alt + click
Sets opacity, pressure, or exposure for painting mode or active layer	Any painting or editing tool + number keys(e.g., 0 = 100%, 1 = 10%, 4 then 5 in quick succession = 45%)
Cycles through painting and layer blending modes	shift  + plus key/minus key  
Fills selection/layer with foreground or background color	Alt + Backspace, or Ctrl + Backspace*
Fills from history			Alt + Ctrl + Backspace*
Displays Fill dialog box		shift + Backspace
Turns Preserve Transparency option on/off	/
Connects points with a straight line	Any painting tool +shift  + click
*Hold down  to fill with Preserve Transparency on.
Creates new gradient 		Ctrl + N in Gradient Editor
Selects individual gradients or contiguous gradients 	Ctrl + click or  + click in Gradient Editor
Saves selected gradients as map settings	Ctrl + click Save in Gradient Editor
Fits image on screen			Double-click hand , or Ctrl + Ø (zero)
100% magnification			Double-click zoom , or Alt + Ctrl + Ø (zero)
Zoom in or out			Ctrl +plus  orminus 
Applies zoom percentage and keeps zoom percentage box active	shift + Enter in Navigator palette
Zooms in on specified area of image	Ctrl + drag over preview in Navigator palette
Scrolls image with hand tool		Spacebar + drag, or drag view area box in Navigator palette
Scrolls up or down 1 screen		Page Up or Page Down*
Scrolls up or down 10 units		 shift+ Page Up or Page Down*
Moves view to upper left corner or lower right corner	Home or End
Turns rubylith view of layer on/off	\
*Hold down Ctrl to scroll left or right.
Moves type in image		Drag type when Type Tool dialog box is displayed
Aligns left, center, or right		text tool +shift  + Ctrl + L, C , or R
Aligns top, center, or bottom		text tool +shift  + Ctrl + L, C, or R
Selects 1 character to the left/right or 1 line below/above	shift +arrow keys    
Selects all characters	Ctrl + A
Selects characters from insertion point to mouse click point	shift + click
Moves 1 character left/right, 1 line down/up, or 1 word left/right	  , arrow keys , or Ctrl +arrow keys  
Decreases/increases type size of selected text 2 points/pixels	shift + Ctrl + < >
Decreases/increases type size of selected text 10 points/pixels	shift + Alt + Ctrl + < >
*Hold down Alt to decrease/increase leading or baseline shift 10 points/pixels.
Normal				shift + Alt + N
Threshold (bitmap mode)		shift + Alt + L
Dissolve	 			shift+ Alt + I
Behind				shift + Alt + Q
Clear				shift + Alt + R
Multiply				shift + Alt + M
Screen	 			shift+ Alt + S
Overlay	 			shift+ Alt + O
Soft Light	 			shift+ Alt + F
Hard Light			shift + Alt + H
Color Dodge			shift + Alt + D
Color Burn			shift + Alt + B
Darken	 			shift+ Alt + K
*Sets painting blending modes (if the active tool supports this) or sets layer blending modes.
Lighten	 			shift+ Alt + G
Difference			shift + Alt + E
Exclusion	 			shift+ Alt + X
Hue				shift + Alt + U
Saturation	 			shift+ Alt + T
Color	 			shift+ Alt + C
Luminosity			shift + Alt + Y
Desaturate			sponge +shift  + Alt + J
Saturate	 			sponge+ shift + Alt + A
Selection tool			V
Cube tool				M
Sphere tool			N
Cylinder tool			C
Trackball				R
Pan camera tool			E
Moves range to new location	 	eyedropper+ click in image
Subtracts from range			eyedroppe + Alt + click in image
Adds to range			eyedroppe +shift  + click in image
Rotates color spectrum		Ctrl + click ramp
Adds new point on curve of selected channel	Ctrl + click in image
Adds new point on all curves except composite curves	shift + Ctrl + click
Moves selected points	   	arrow keys
Moves selected points in increments of 10	shift +   arrow keys
Selects multiple control points		shift + click
Moves forward through control points	Ctrl + Tab
Moves backward through control points	shift + Ctrl + Tab
Adds new point			Click grid
Deletes point			Ctrl + click point
Deselects all points on selected channel	Ctrl + D
Makes curves grid finer or coarser	Alt + click grid
Creates new file with default settings	Alt + Ctrl + N
Displays dialog box for the previous filter	Alt + Ctrl + F
Resets dialog box to last settings used	Alt + click Reset
Displays last-viewed Preferences dialog box	Alt + Ctrl + K
Loads last color adjustment settings used	Alt + choose Image > Adjust (Levels, Curves, Color Balance, etc.) 
Increases/decreases selected value in dialog box by 1 unit (except in filters)	up arrow/down *
Erases to history			 eraser+ Alt + drag
Activates button in alert box	F	irst letter of button label
*Hold down  to increase/decrease value by 10 units.
Other common palette shortcuts

• Tab shows/hides all palettes.
•  + Tab shows/hides all palettes except the Toolbox.
Layers menu shortcuts

• Alt + Merge Down copies current layer to layer below.
• Alt + Merge Visible merges visible layers to active layer.
• Alt + Merge Linked merges linked layers to active layer.

Other layer shortcuts

• F7 shows/hides palette.
• Alt + [ ] descends/ascends through layers.
• Alt + Ctrl + [ ] moves active layer down/up.
•shift  + Alt + [ ] activates bottom/top layer.
• Alt toggles layer effects.
• Drag effect in image when Layer Effects dialog box is displayed moves effect in image.
Other channel shortcuts

•  + click alpha channel switches between composite color channel and alpha channel.
• Double-click alpha channel changes channel name and options.
• ~ displays composite.
Other action shortcuts

• F9 shows/hides action palette.
• shift + click selects multiple items of the same kind.
• Alt + Clear History (in History menu) clears history permanently.
• F5 shows/hides palette.
• Click in empty area of palette creates new brush. 
• Ctrl + click brush deletes brush.
• [ or ] cycles through brushes.
•  shift+ [ selects first brush.
• shift + ] selects last brush.
• Double-click brush edits current settings.
• Click empty swatch creates new swatch.
• shift + Alt + click inserts new swatch.
• Ctrl + click swatch deletes swatch.
• Alt + click swatch selects background color.
•  shift+ click swatch replaces color.
• F6 shows/hides palette.
• Alt + click color in color bar selects background color.
• Ctrl + click color bar displays Color Bardialog box.
• shift + click color bar cycles through color choices.
• F8 shows/hides palette.
• Click eyedropper icon changes color readout modes.
• Click cross-hair icon changes measurement units.